Category Archives: Disease

Ring Avulsion is a serious finger injury. It usually happens to people who work with heavy machinery. Ring Avulsion happens when the ring worn on a finger gets caught on an object or in between the gears of machinery and gets pulled off forcefully. At times, skin, muscles, tendons, and even finger bones can get forcefully pulled. 

Ring Avulsion Causes

Ring avulsion is a traumatic injury. There are four main scenarios in which it can cause such an injury. These scenarios are vehicle accidents, falls, industrial or workplace accidents, and the ring accidentally getting stuck in something and getting pulled.

Ring Accidently Getting Caught in Something

A ring avulsion can happen if the person wearing a ring gets caught on a hook, machinery, or another surface.

Industrial Or Workplace Accidents And Falling Injuries

Ring Avulsion happens frequently in construction, factory work, and manual labor. It can be a part of fall injury as well.

Sports Injuries  and Road Accidents

Ring Avulsion can happen during sports activities such as rock climbing, basketball, and gymnastics when the ring gets snagged. During road or vehicle accidents when the hand gets stuck in the debris and the ring gets pulled forcibly.

Types and Severity of Ring Avulsion (Injury) 

A ring avulsion injury can range anything from a grade 1 injury which means that it is a minor soft tissue injury to a grade 3 injury which requires amputation.

Grade 1 Injury

In grade 1 Ring Avulsion Injury there could be minor cuts without severe damage, skin stretching, or bruising. This type of Injury heals with minimal treatment. 

Grade 2 Injury 

Grade 2 injury is a severe soft tissue or vascular injury. In this type of injury skin or tissue might get torn, blood supply may get compromised, and may require intervention to restore circulation. 

Grade 3 Injury  

In this type of injury, the finger is completely or partially detached and would require immediate surgery. There can be only two outcomes from such a surgery. Either the finger gets reattached or gets amputated.  

Symptoms Of Ring Avulsion (Injury)

Symptoms  of ring avulsion are 

• Severe pain
• Bruising and swelling
• Torn skin or open wounds 
• Exposed tendons, bones, or blood vessels 
• Numbness 
• Loss of finger function

Ring Avulsion First Aid

If possible, try to remove the ring gently. The next few steps are as follows, 

• Control bleeding by applying gentle pressure with a clean cloth or bandage.
• Keep the hand elevated to help reduce the bleeding and swelling. 
• Seek emergency medical help and try to preserve the finger if it has been cut off.

Ring Avulsion Treatment options 

The treatment case depends upon the severity of the injury. In mild cases, pain management and bandaging can help. Also In moderate cases, it might need mild surgery or stitches. In severe cases if possible, the finger may be reattached. Amputation may be required in cases where the blood supply can’t be restored. In case of permanent loss of finger function, rehabilitation, and prosthetics may be required.

Preventing Ring Avulsion   

To prevent this type of injury it is recommended that a person removes his or her ring while working with machinery, exercising, or engaging in sports. One can also use silicone and breakaway rings that break under pressure and reduce the risk of injury. Wearing protective gloves while operating heavy machinery can help as well.  

Frequently Asked Questions

Heartburn is a commonly experienced condition that people may experience after a meal while lying down or bending over. The main characteristic of this condition is a burning sensation in the chest. The reason behind this discomfort is the flow of stomach acid into the esophagus or the food pipe. 

The symptoms of this condition are  – 

• A burning sensation in the chest
• An unpleasant taste in the mouth 
• A person can also experience cough backups and bad breath as well. 

Heartburn Causes 

Heartburn is a result of stomach acid backing up into the food pipe. Some of the factors that can contribute to this are certain foods and drinks such as fried food, carbonated beverages, Caffeinated drinks, spicy food, tomato products, etc. 

Other attributes that can contribute to this condition are 

• Portion size and timing of meals.
• Habits such as going to bed after eating.
• Obesity or being overweight.
• It can be the side effect of certain medications such as Ibuprofen.
• Smoking.
• Pregnancy.
• Conditions such as hiatal hernia.

Heartburn if not accompanied by other symptoms can be easily managed by lifestyle changes. these changes include –

• Diet control and exercise 
•  Avoiding foods that trigger heartburn
•  Maintaining an active lifestyle
•  Elevating your head at night
•  Not smoking 

Managing heartburn with medications 

In case there is no other symptom being experienced with heartburn, there are a few medications that can be used to treat heartburn. Antacids and H2 Blockers can be used. Antacids neutralize the production of the excess acid in the stomach while H2 blockers reduce the production of acid in the stomach. Another option is medications that are proton pump inhibitors. Medications that are proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)  reduce acid production. It is sometimes prescribed for frequent heartburn. 

Important note: If you are experiencing heartburn more than twice a week you might need to consult a doctor. Consult a doctor when the over-the-counter medications don’t work. The heartburn in these cases could be a symptom of a disease that may require a more comprehensive treatment plan.

Some of the Conditions in which Heartburn is a Symptom are as Follows.

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) – This is a chronic condition in which excess acid is being produced in the stomach. The flow back of this excess acid into the esophagus causes heartburn. 
• Peptic Ulcers – These are sores or damaged areas in the lining of the stomach or small intestine that can cause burning pain. This could be linked to excess acid production. 
• Hiatal Hernia – In this medical condition, a part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, leading to acid reflux. 
• Esophagitis – In this case, the esophagus is inflamed due to acid reflux, a side effect of a medication, or an infection. 
• Gastritis – The stomach lining is inflamed in this case, This inflammation can be due to infections, medications such as NSAIDs, or excessive drinking.
• Gallbladder Disease – This is a broad term that includes conditions such as gallstones or cholecystitis.  
• Functional Dyspepsia – This is ingestion with no clear cause. 
• Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) – This is an autoimmune disease.  
• Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome – A rare condition where excess acid is produced due to the presence of tumors. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Disclaimer: The information on this blog is strictly for informational purposes. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult your doctor before taking any medication.

Arthritis (गठिया या जोड़ो का दर्द) is a medical term broadly used to refer to joint inflammation. It can cause pain, difficulty moving, and stiffness in one or more joints. There are various forms of arthritis, and it is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Each form of arthritis has a specific treatment plan.   

Different Forms of Arthritis

While there are various types of arthritis, this article will discuss some of the common ones. The common ones are osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, Gout, Ankylosing Spondylitis, and juvenile arthritis. 

1. Osteoarthritis (OA)

This is also referred to as wear and tear arthritis. It is caused by the breakdown of the cartilage (the cushion between the bones). The symptoms are loss of flexibility, stiffness, swelling, and pain. It commonly affects the hips, knees, hands, and spine. People who are aging and obese are genetically predisposed to the disease and previous joint injuries. 

The treatments for this type of arthritis include – 

• Weight management, 
• Physical therapy, 
• Pain relievers, 
• Joint injections, 
• Surgery in severe cases

2. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

This is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks the immune cells that attack the joint lining of the body, leading to inflammation. The symptoms along with joint pain and swelling are fatigue, fever, weight loss, and joint deformities. This commonly affects the smaller joints such as hands, wrists, and feet. 

This disease is common in women. People who smoke or are genetically predisposed to this disease. The range of treatments includes – 

• Immunosuppressants (Methotrexate)
• Biologics, 
• anti-inflammatory medication
• Physical therapy 

3. Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)

This type of arthritis results from an autoimmune disorder linked to psoriasis. This disease commonly affects finger joints, toes, and lower back. The symptoms are pain and swelling in fingers/toes, nail changes, and skin rashes. People with a family history of this disease and autoimmune diseases have a higher risk of being affected by Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA). 

The treatment includes – 

• Biologic drugs, 
• NSAIDs, 
• Lifestyle changes.  

4. Gout 

Gout is another type of arthritis caused by high levels of uric acid in the body. Specifically, it is caused by crystal deposits of uric acid in the joints. The symptoms are sudden, severe pain, redness, and swelling. Gout usually affects the toes, ankles, and knees.

Some of the treatments include – 

• Diet changes
• Anti-inflammatory medication
• Medications to reduce the amount of Uric Acid 

5. Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)

AS is also known as arthritis of the spine. It is caused by chronic inflammation of the spine and sacroiliac joints. It most commonly affects the spine, pelvis, and shoulders. Symptoms include lower back pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving. Genetics and the HLA-B27 gene are risk factors. This disease is common in males. 

The treatment for this type of arthritis includes 

• Physical therapy, 
• NSAIDs, 
• Biologics. 

6. Juvenile Arthritis (JA)

Arthritis can be caused in children as a result of autoimmune disease. The symptoms include swollen, painful joints, fever, and rash.  It commonly affects the hands, feet, and knees. It is caused due to genetics and autoimmune triggers. The treatment includes NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and disease-modifying drugs.

Some of the most common ways in which arthritis is diagnosed are Blood tests, x-rays, CT Scans, and joint aspiration tests.  

1. Blood Tests – These tests are used to test for inflammatory markers such as CRP, ESR, and autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor for RA.  

2. X-rays: These candles are used to show joint damage, bone loss, and cartilage wear.  

3. MRI & CT Scans – This is done to see detailed images of soft tissues, cartilage, and bones.  

4. Joint Aspiration (Synovial Fluid Analysis) – This test is primarily used for Gout, and the test is done by extracting fluid from the joint to check for infection or uric acid crystals. 

Treatment of Arthritis 

There are various treatments for arthritis available and range from medication to lifestyle changes to surgery. The list of medications that help treat and manage arthritis includes pain relievers such as Acetaminophen, NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Naproxen), Corticosteroids and DMARDs (Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs), biologics that target the immune system, and uric acid lowering drugs.   

The second way is to manage through physical therapy and exercise. These can be coupled with lifestyle and home remedies. For severe cases, surgery is an option. 

Lifestyle Changes To Reduce the Risk Of Arthritis

There are a few lifestyle changes that can be done to reduce the chances of getting arthritis. These are – 

• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Stay active with regular exercise.
• Protect your joints (avoid repetitive stress and use ergonomic tools).  
• Eat an anti-inflammatory diet.
• Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol. 

A person can suffer from Nausea and vomiting due to a wide range of reasons. The reasons can range from food allergies to cancer or a tumor. While vomiting tablets can help manage the symptoms, it is necessary to consult a doctor and understand the root cause of the problem. 

What Causes Vomiting

Some of the medical conditions that can trigger nausea and vomiting are – 

• Food allergies
• Infections such as food poisoning and other diseases regarding the stomach. 
• Leaking of stomach contents (food or liquid) upward. It is also known as acid reflux.
• Medical procedures such as  cancer chemotherapy or radiation treatment
• Migraine headaches
• Morning sickness during pregnancy
• Seasickness or motion sickness
• Severe pain, such as with kidney stones

In some cases, nausea and vomiting can also be a sign of other serious diseases as well. In these scenarios, nausea and vomiting will be complemented along with other symptoms such as pain and fever. Some of these serious causes for vomiting include – 

• Appendicitis
• Blockage in the intestines
• Cancer or a tumor
• Ingesting a drug or poison, especially by children
• Ulcers in the lining of the stomach or small intestine

Questions A Doctor May Ask Before Giving Vomiting Tablets

At a clinic or a hospital, may ask the following types of questions:

1. When did the vomiting start? How long has it been happening? When is it happening?
2. Does it happen on an empty stomach or after a meal?
3. Are you experiencing any other symptoms such as headache?
4. Is there blood in your vomit?
5. Does your vomit look like coffee grounds?
6. Are there any solid pieces of food in your vomit?
7. When did you last urinate?
8. Have you been losing weight?
9. Have you been traveling? Where?
10. What medicines do you take?
11. Did other people who ate at the same place have the same symptoms?
12. Are you pregnant or could you be pregnant?

Diagnostic Tests that May be Performed Include:

• Blood tests 
• Liver Function test
• Urinalysis
• Imaging studies (ultrasound or CT) of the abdomen

Different Types of Vomiting Tablets

There are options to treat vomiting. These options consist of prescription, over-the-counter, and natural remedies.  

Non- Prescription (Over the counter) Vomiting Tablets

1. Domperidone (Motilium) – Helps with nausea and bloating.  

2. Meclizine (Bonine, Antivert) – Used for motion sickness.  

3. Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) – Besides vomiting, it is also given for nausea and vomiting.

Prescription Vomiting Tablets

• Ondem syrup is primarily used to treat nausea and vomiting in children. 
• Vonoprazan is primarily used to treat non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), also known as non-erosive reflux disease (NERD). Some of the symptoms of this disease are nausea and vomiting
• Rabeprazole sodium and domperidone capsules are sold under the following brand names in India
• Robo DSR Capsule 10’s
• RxBuy Neutral-DSR Capsule 10’s 
• Neutral-DSR Capsule 10’s
• RxBuy Altop DSR Tablet 
• RxBuy Odirab-D Capsule 15’s 
• RxBuy Rabesys-D Capsule 
• RxBuy Nuloc-D Capsule

Natural Remedies For Vomiting

Ginger tea or chewing on ginger helps treat mild nausea. Another option is  Peppermint as it soothes Nausea. 

Important Note: If the nausea is persistent, consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Some Generic Precautions for Anti-Vomiting Tablets 

The precautions are as follows:

• Take with water and as directed.  
• Do not overdose.  
• Consult a doctor if the symptoms persist for more than two days.   
• Do not combine it with alcohol or sedatives.  
• People should not take these medications with liver, kidney or heart issues.